How is abstraction different from encapsulation in Java?

Contrasts abstraction's caller-facing contract with encapsulation's control of internal state and shows how one object can use both.

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TL;DR

Abstraction defines the essential contract a caller works with and hides implementation choices that should not matter to that caller. Encapsulation controls access to an object's state and behavior so its rules cannot be bypassed. A PaymentGateway abstracts how payment is performed. An Order encapsulates its status and allows changes only through operations such as confirm or cancel. The same class can use both: it can expose a small abstraction while encapsulating the data and logic behind it.

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A purpose-based distinction rather than a keyword comparison, with an example where both ideas work together.

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Core answer
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Overview
The concepts often appear together, but they solve different design problems.
Abstraction defines the essential contract a caller works with and hides implementation choices that should not matter to that caller. Encapsulation controls access to an object's state and behavior so its rules cannot be bypassed. A PaymentGateway abstracts how payment is performed. An Order encapsulates its status and allows changes only through operations such as confirm or cancel. The same class can use both: it can expose a small abstraction while encapsulating the data and logic behind it.
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Details

Saying abstraction uses interfaces while encapsulation uses private fields.
Treating the terms as synonyms.
Assuming a getter-and-setter class is well encapsulated.
Assuming an interface automatically hides every relevant detail.

How is abstraction different from encapsulation in Java?

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