Implement a minimal API endpoint that creates a project and exposes a stable HTTP contract.

• Do not bind an EF entity.
• Return a response DTO.
• Pass request cancellation to data access.
• Do not leak database exception text.

I keep transport, domain, and persistence shapes separate. The handler validates the public request, checks the domain conflict, saves once, and describes every expected outcome in its result type.

app.MapPost("/projects", async Task<Results<
    CreatedAtRoute<ProjectResponse>, ValidationProblem, Conflict<ProblemDetails>>>
    (CreateProjectRequest request, AppDbContext db, CancellationToken ct) =>
{
    var errors = ProjectValidation.Validate(request);
    if (errors.Count > 0)
        return TypedResults.ValidationProblem(errors);

    var slug = request.Slug.Trim().ToLowerInvariant();
    if (await db.Projects.AnyAsync(x => x.Slug == slug, ct))
        return TypedResults.Conflict(new ProblemDetails {
            Title = "Project slug is already in use",
            Status = StatusCodes.Status409Conflict
        });

    var project = new Project(request.Name.Trim(), slug);
    db.Projects.Add(project);
    try {
        await db.SaveChangesAsync(ct);
    } catch (DbUpdateException ex) when (
        UniqueConstraints.IsViolation(ex, "UX_Projects_Slug")) {
        return TypedResults.Conflict(new ProblemDetails {
            Title = "Project slug is already in use",
            Status = StatusCodes.Status409Conflict
        });
    }

    return TypedResults.CreatedAtRoute(
        new ProjectResponse(project.Id, project.Name, project.Slug),
        "GetProject", new { id = project.Id });
})
.WithName("CreateProject");

public sealed record CreateProjectRequest(string Name, string Slug);
public sealed record ProjectResponse(Guid Id, string Name, string Slug);

Typed results keep the endpoint contract visible to the compiler and OpenAPI. A unique database constraint must still protect the slug race after the friendly pre-check.

• Two requests race for the same slug.
• Whitespace-only values.
• The client disconnects during save.
• The route name changes.

• Assert 201, response body, and Location together.
• Exercise the database uniqueness race.
• Verify internal columns never serialize.

• Returning the EF entity.
• Returning 200 for creation.
• Trusting only the pre-check for uniqueness.
• Catching every exception as 409.