How would you harden an Angular application against client-side XSS?

Combines safe bindings, AOT, dependency discipline, CSP, Trusted Types, and reporting without treating one control as a complete defense.

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TL;DR

I keep templates static, use normal Angular bindings, avoid bypass APIs and direct DOM writes, and build with AOT for production. I review dependencies and third-party scripts because code running in the page has the user's browser authority. Then I add a restrictive Content Security Policy and enforce Trusted Types where browser support and the application allow it.

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Practice focus

Angular security, XSS, AOT, CSP, nonces, Trusted Types, third-party scripts, and deployment headers.

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Core answer first, then checkpoints toward a stronger answer.

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Core answer
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Overview
Angular's template protections are the first layer; production hardening also constrains scripts and unsafe DOM sinks at the browser boundary.
I keep templates static, use normal Angular bindings, avoid bypass APIs and direct DOM writes, and build with AOT for production. I review dependencies and third-party scripts because code running in the page has the user's browser authority. Then I add a restrictive Content Security Policy and enforce Trusted Types where browser support and the application allow it.
Checkpoint
Stronger answer
Optional upgrade with examples, trade-offs, and sharper phrasing.
A nonce-based CSP must generate an unpredictable value per response and make the same nonce available to Angular's runtime styles; a cached global nonce defeats the point. Trusted Types policies include only the Angular capabilities the application actually needs, such as the bundler policy for lazy chunks, rather than enabling unsafe policies by default. I deploy reporting first when appropriate, fix violations, and then enforce. Server output is escaped and user content never becomes a generated Angular template.

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Details

Using one reusable CSP nonce for cached HTML.
Enabling every Trusted Types policy preemptively.
Generating templates from user input.

How would you harden an Angular application against client-side XSS?

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